A Review on Recycling and Reutilization of Blast Furnace …
A large amount of dust is formed as one of the primary by-products during the blast furnace ironmaking process. Besides iron and carbon, it contains a variety of valuable metals such as zinc, lead, and indium widely applied in many industry fields. However, it is difficult to recycle and reutilize blast furnace dust (BFD) due to complex composition, …
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Metallurgy of the direct smelting of lead
direct smelting process for lead concentrates. T he lead blast furnace in tandem with a sintering machine has been the mainstay of the lead smelt ing industry for over fifty years. In 1970 it accounted for just over 80% of world lead bullion production. 1 Its nearest competitor, the Imperial Smelting Fur nace, accounted for 8%.
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Blast Furnace
2.3.1.2.1.2 Lead Blast Furnace. The blast furnace is a vertical, countercurrent moving-bed reactor. Metallic lead is produced by reducing lead oxide (PbO) contained in the sinter with carbon monoxide (CO) and coke at high temperature. ... the operational cost of the plant is increased. Furthermore, the complex nature of the sintering plant ...
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Lead and Zinc Smelting
blast furnace slag (primarily silicates), and lead bullion (98% by weight). All layers are then drained off. The speiss and matte are sold to cop-per smelters for recovery of copper and precious metals. The blast furnace slag, which contains zinc, iron, silica, and lime, is stored in piles and is partially recycled. Sulfur oxide emissions are
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Lead Recovery from a Lead Concentrate throughout …
The smelting process includes the sinter plant–blast furnace route and direct smelting reduction, including oxidation, reduction, and refining. In the sinter plant–blast furnace route, PbS is oxidized in the solid state to remove sulfur, and PbO is produced at the same time. PbO is then reduced to metallic Pb, typically in a blast furnace
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Sinter Plant
Sinter plants are usually located near the blast furnace plant, but pelletizing plants are often located near the mining site. Some works have both pelletizing and sintering plants at the smelter sites. ... (12%), iron ore sintering (6%), and blast furnaces (54%). The steel making needs very little share (4%) as the process is exothermic in ...
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Overview Lead Smelting in a Submerged Arc Furnace
Table I. Primary Lead Smelting Technologies Shaft Furnace Processes Conventional lead sintering and blast furnace smelting ISP (imperial smelting process) sintering and blast furnace smelting Direct Smelting Processes Outokumpu Kivcet QSL (Queneau-Schuhmann-Lurgi) TBRC (top-blown rotary converter) BBU hearth Mezica 1990 June. JaM
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Determining the chlorine content in the blast-furnace …
The production of ferrous metals and the extraction and processing of raw materials are environmentally hazardous. Besides atmospheric and water pollution, many solid wastes are formed. Chlorine plays a special role in blast-furnace processes. The chlorine compounds present in the blast-furnace gas lead to the corrosion of pipelines, …
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Composition of Lead Sinter
In normal sintering operations for preparing feed for the lead blast furnace, lead concentrate is mixed with slag, return sinter, and fluxing agents and the mixture is pelletized and sintered. The mixture consists of approximately 25 pct high-grade lead concentrate, 50 pct return sinter, 15 pct slag, and 10 pct fluxing agents, dusts, etc.
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PROCESS BRIEF
This code of safety is applicable to Sinter manufacturing plant as well as Sinter Plant Dept.of an Integrated Steel Plant. 3. PROCESS BRIEF Sintering process is developed mainly to utilize under size of lump ore called iron ore fines; which otherwise, could not be charged directly in blast furnace. In
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Lead blast-furnace evolution: a new approach
Abstract. Metaleurop operates three primary lead blast furnaces adapted to the smelting of lead raw material. Their working ratios have been improved for the last ten years in particular for coke rate, lead bullion output, manpower and energy per ton. This, and the well known flexibility of this kind of furnace with regard to raw materials ...
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Understanding Pellets and Pellet Plant Operations – …
Understanding Pellets and Pellet Plant Operations. Pelletizing is an agglomeration process which converts very fine grained iron ore into balls of a certain diameter range (normally 8mm to 20 mm, also known as pellets. These pellets are suitable for blast furnace and direct reduction processes.
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Lead blast-furnace evolution: a new approach
Lead bullion production and coke ratio evolution These two data seem to be a good example of lead blast furnace progresses in the last ten years. They clearly show us that a great deal of improvement can be achieved with a traditional process (data from one of our lead smelters). Lead Bullion output (M.T/year) 120000
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INCREASING TECHNICAL APPEAL OF PELLETS USE IN BLAST FURNACE …
Pellets are unquestionably the most engineered Blast Furnace ferrous burden available. This allows the pellet maker to design pellets to meet different requirements with respect to medium and high ...
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CHAPTER-11 FUNDAMENTALS OF IRON ORE …
[A.K.Biswas: Principles of blast furnace iron making':Theory and Practice (1981), Cootha Publ.House, Australia, Ch VI]. The statistical analysis of the performance data of the blast furnace T at Bhilai (SAIL Plants) has shown that the parameters, specific consumption of sinter and weight of limestone in the burden were closely correlated: 20
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Sintering and Briquetting Synergy in Blast Furnace …
The article describes the concept of partially replacing the sinter in a blast furnace charge with extrusion briquettes to form the basis for sintering and briquetting synergy. The comparability criteria for sinter and extrusion briquette (brex) properties and production parameters were analyzed along with a substantiation of the fundamental …
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Life cycle assessment of blast furnace ironmaking processes: …
Among them, the impact of blast furnace gas is the largest at 726.08 kg CO 2 eq (28.14%), which is mainly due to the production and treatment process of blast furnace gas. Secondly, the impact of the ironmaking process and the sintering process accounted for 25.81% and 19.92%, respectively, mainly due to the large amount of waste …
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Analysis of the Release Characteristics of Blast …
Open piles of lead and zinc smelting slag threaten the environment due to their releasing harmful heavy metals (HMs). However, the unclear relationship between mineral composition and heavy metal release in blast furnace lead smelting slag (BFLSS) has hindered the development of pollution prevention techniques. In this study, a …
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Separation of Iron and Zinc Values from Blast Furnace …
The blast furnace ash used in this study was provided by a steel plant in Liaoning Province, China; the sawdust was derived from a furniture factory in Beijing, which was poplar wood, and the raw materials were characterized separately. Chemical elemental analysis of the BFD was performed by X-ray uorescence spectroscopy (XRF) and …
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Thermodynamic modeling of lead blast furnace
The modeling results are validated by the plant data of a lead smelter in Kazakhstan. ... ore sintering [5,6], lead blast furnace [7 ... industrial lead blast furnace are presented from which it ...
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Sintering and Briquetting Synergy in Blast Furnace Smelting
The article describes the concept of partially replacing the sinter in a blast furnace charge with extrusion briquettes to form the basis for sintering and briquetting synergy. The comparability criteria for sinter and extrusion briquette (brex) properties and production parameters were analyzed along with a substantiation of the fundamental …
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(PDF) Minerological aspects of lead sintering
Sintering of lead concentrate, that has twin objectives of sulphur removal. through oxidation and agglomeration, is a key unit process prior to the reduction. in the blast furnace. In the ...
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Understanding Sinter and Sinter Plant …
The RDI is a very important parameter that is used as a reference in all sintering work and serves to predict the sinter's degradation behaviour in the lower part of the blast furnace stack. A …
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Zinc and Lead Removal from Blast Furnace Sludge with a
Abstract. During the production of pig iron in a blast furnace, a Zn- and Pb-containing sludge is generated in the air pollution control system. This toxic waste can be landfilled after dewatering ...
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Sintering
the blast furnace. The sintering process was widely studied in: † Fernández-González et al. (2017a): Iron ore sintering: Raw materials and ... instance, by the mixing drum of the sintering plant or the pelletizing disk in the agglomeration offine granulometries. The bond between solid particles depends on
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Sinter Machine
6.2.1 Sintering. The blast furnace burden for VSP was planned to include 80% sinter and 20% iron ore (10–25 mm). This was a huge step forward as at that time no blast furnace in India was operating with such high amount of sinter. In fact, all other Indian blast furnaces had less than 50% sinter in burden.
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(PDF) Impact of Sinter Basicity and Alumina on Softening …
alumina on SM temperature range, so that we can improve. the furnace performance. The increase in basicity o f sinter. from 1.74 to 2.09 at alumina 2.90 decreases softening start. temperature and ...
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The Sintering Process of Iron Ore Fines – IspatGuru
Sintering is a thermal process (carried out at 1300 deg C to 1400 deg C) by which a mixture of iron ore, return fines, recycled products of the steel plant industry (such as mill scale, blast furnace dusts, etc.), slag forming elements, fluxes and coke fines are agglomerated in a sinter plant with the purpose of manufacturing a sintered product ...
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Basics of Iron Ore Sintering | SpringerLink
Abstract. In iron making process, sintering of iron ore fines is an integral step to utilize not only the ore fines but also to introduce a part of flux (limestone and dolomite) along with the sinter in blast furnace burden. In this way, the productivity of the furnace considerably improves. In this paper, some fundamental aspects such as the ...
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Sinter Plant Operations: Raw Materials | SpringerLink
1.2 Fuel 1.2.1 Coke Breeze . Coke is the major reductant and heat source for blast furnace operation, where the lump coke (25–80 mm) is charged into blast furnace directly, and nut coke (15–25 mm) is mixed with the iron burden (sinter, pellet, or lump) and then charged into the furnace.
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