A cost-benefit analysis of landfill mining and material recycling …
According to our case study of a typical old landfill mining project in China (Yingchun landfill), rental of excavation and hauling equipment, waste processing and material transportation were the top three costs of landfill mining, accounting for 88.2% of the total cost, and the average cost per unit of stored waste was 12.7 USD ton{sup −1}.
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A conceptual cost comparison of alternative tailings disposal
paramet ers, d esign consid eration s, cost estimat ion, and an alysis of the resul ts. A conceptual cost comparison of altern ative tailings disposal strategies A Carneiro and AB Fourie. in ...
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Why metals should be recycled, not mined
The opportunity to increase recycling rates is significant. Today, less than one third of 60 metals analysed have an end-of-life recycling rate above 50% and 34 elements are below 1% (pdf). The ...
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Desalination and Water Recycling | Water for all
The benefits of desalination are straightforward: more water. The drawback, unfortunately, is the cost. Currently, the average cost of desalination is roughly $5 for 1000 gallons of water while a typical municipal water …
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Scaling up reuse and recycling of electric vehicle …
in high transport costs, which represent the largest cost component of battery reuse or recycling. Developing domestic capacity to reuse and recycle batteries could therefore significantly reduce costs while stimulating local economies and reducing the dependency on international supply chains. To the extent possible, governments could
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Environmental impact of high-value gold scrap recycling
A comparison of the impact results of gold scrap recycling obtained in the context of this study as presented in Fig. Fig.4, 4, with the abovementioned ecoinvent v.3.5 LCA datasets on the gold from WEEE recycling and mining, is shown in Fig. Fig.6. 6. For this analysis, the model with allocation by the monetary value was chosen because, on …
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Nissan develops technology to halve recycling cost of rare …
The new method will shorten the processing time to about 4 hours from 8 hours now and halve the recycling cost, Kazuhiro Ogawa, senior manager at Nissan, told reporters. Nissan will continue ...
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The race to decarbonize electric-vehicle batteries | McKinsey
Some of these strategies will save costs, while others will come at a considerable premium. Key factors are influencing how competitive low-carbon batteries can include production location and target market. In some advantageous cases, it might be possible to decarbonize up to 80 percent at a minimum additional cost to the end …
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Economics and Challenges of Li-Ion Battery Recycling …
The total global capacity for vehicle LIB manufacturing was more than 31 GWh in 2016 [3-5], and demand is expected to exceed 120 GWh by 2020. This rapid growth is projected to require more than 550,000 metric tons of the battery materials— lithium, cobalt, manganese, nickel, and graphite—by 2020.
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Climate explained: the environmental footprint of …
That is, using average grid electricity, EVs come out about 18% better in terms of their carbon footprint. Likewise, electric cars in New Zealand work out a lot better than fossil-fuelled cars in ...
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1 Life cycle comparison of industrial-scale lithium-ion …
1 1 2 Life cycle comparison of industrial-scale lithium-ion 3 battery recycling and mining supply chains 4 5 Nature Communications 6 Submitted September 2023 7 Michael L. Machalaa,c,#, Xi Chenb,#, Samantha P. Bunkeb,#, Gregory Forbesa, Akarys Yegizbayd, 8 Jacques de Chalendara, Inês L. Azevedoa,c, Sally Bensona,c, William A. Tarpehb,c,* 9 …
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1 Life cycle comparison of industrial-scale lithium-ion …
1 1 2 Life cycle comparison of industrial-scale lithium-ion battery 3 recycling and mining supply chains 4 5 Joule 6 Resubmitted May 2023 7 Michael L. Machalaa,c,#, Xi Chenb,#, Samantha P. Bunkeb,#, Gregory Forbesa, Akarys Yegizbayd, 8 Jacques de Chalendara, Inês L. Azevedoa,c, Sally Bensona,c, William A. Tarpehb,c,* 9 aDepartment of Energy …
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World Cost of Living Calculator: 9294 cities, 197 countries
China. Brazil. $754. vs. $1097. Japan. This international cost of living calculator allows by city and by country comparison worldwide: 9294 cities and 197 countries around the globe. The cost of living is calculated based on prices for rent, food, transport, and other living expenses for each city.
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Life cycle comparison of industrial-scale lithium-ion battery recycling …
direct recycling (Direct*) methods as comparison, a nd data are obtained from the l ite rature 6. 159 Literature data is normalized by the same functional unit in this study, and uncertainties are
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Life cycle comparison of industrial-scale lithium …
recycling rates, respectively 5), the low recycling rates of LIBs (estimated 2 – 50% globally; uncertainty due to location, type, and insufficient documentation 6-8 ) do not yet reflect the ...
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Mining, metals & recycling – an integrated approach to …
Mining, metals & recycling – an integrated approach to critical minerals. by Carly Leonida. 16th March 2022. Comment 1. Some people will argue that recycling is …
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Visualizing the opportunity cost of unrecycled metals in the US
When compared with the mining, processing and transport of new metals, recycling metals can provide a significantly less energy-intensive alternative, saving …
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Recycling | Free Full-Text | Environmental and Economic …
In the case study by Ohemeng and Ekolu, about 42% of NA production costs were shown to be related to environmental costs (e.g., landfill charges and air, …
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A conceptual cost comparison of alternative tailings …
The database of costs used for evaluating the tailings disposal strategies has been developed mainly based on obtained third-party contract rates, in Australian dollars. It reflects current market pricing in WA. The net present cost (NPC) analysis for this study assumed a discounted cash flow (10%) over the LOM.
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Comparative analysis on costs and benefits of producing …
* Cost at recycling plant A (US$ per tonne) Cost at recycling plant B (US$ per tonne) Average cost (US$ per tonne) Equipment: 7.33: 6.97: 7.15: Working capital: …
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Plastic incineration versus recycling: a comparison of …
Aluminum and steel are excellent examples of MSW components that have high avoided energy cost values because they require much less energy to recycle than to produce from material. Table 1 gives the energy cost avoided by recycling aluminum [1]. The recycling costs include all costs except sorting of the post-consumer MSW.
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Environmental and economic assessment of plastic …
1 Abstract The present study provides a comparative environmental and economic assessment of plastic waste recycling and energy recovery (incineration) technologies, using actual plant data complemented with external
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A Comparison of Single and Multi-Stream Recycling Systems …
This study examines differences in cost and recycling performance between single and multi-stream recycling systems in Ontario, Canada. Using panel data from 223 provincial municipalities spanning a ten year period, focus is placed on analyzing: (a) Are material management costs for municipalities who implement single …
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Comparing the costs and benefits of and urban mining
Therefore, the economic performance of urban mining is one of the most pressing factors to sustain the recycling industry ( Chen et al., 2018; Graedel, 2018 ). The economic comparison to mining is of vital importance to policy and attitude of the …
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Copper mining vs. recycling
According to the International Copper Association, an estimated two-thirds of the 550 million metric tons of copper produced since 1990 are still in productive use either by itself or in any of its alloys such as bronze and brass. It is by far the most reused metal on the planet. In the U.S. nearly as much copper is recovered from recycled ...
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The Ups and Downs of Gold Recycling
Changes in gold price have an immediate but temporary effect. Price changes account for around 75 percent of annual changes in gold recycling once we account for …
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Lithium costs a lot of money—so why aren't we recycling …
In 2021, the average price of one metric ton of battery-grade lithium carbonate was $17,000 compared to $2,425 for lead North American markets, and raw materials now account for over half of ...
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Environmental impact of high-value gold scrap recycling
A comparison of the impact results of gold scrap recycling obtained in the context of this study as presented in Fig. 4, with the abovementioned ecoinvent v.3.5 LCA datasets on the gold from WEEE recycling and mining, is shown in Fig. 6. For this analysis, the model with allocation by the monetary value was chosen because, on the …
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Determining the environmental costs of mining projects
Mining Engineering. Article. Determining the environmental costs of mining projects: A comprehensive quantitative assessment. April 2023. Resources Policy 82 (1) …
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A systematic analysis of the costs and environmental …
This range of cost compares fairly with estimates of hydrometallurgical LiB recycling costs in the literature, which range from $1,540–8,430 per tonne in an analysis by Thompson et al. (2021) (lower end of the range corresponds to inorganic acids and higher end corresponds to organic acids as leaching agents), $3,730 per tonne in a …
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