Surface charge accumulation and pre‐flashover characteristics induced
(i) Under the operation condition or PD test condition, the discharges of 5 mm metal particles on the surface of UHV insulators are relatively weak, and the apparent charge is generally smaller than 1 pC. The flashover induced by 5 mm particles on the insulator surface will occur at 1.3 pu, while that induced by 8 mm particles will occur at …
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Effect of Prevulcanisation Time on the Latex Particles, Surface
Consequently the average specific surface area of the particles is the lowest for latex pre vulcanized using sulphur and accelerator. Average particle size of the pre-vulcanized latices are almost ...
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Application of In-situ Pre-epi Clean Process for Next …
The experimental procedure and details of the materials used are shown in Figure 1. The materials used were: a GAMATM wet bench equipped with a LuCIDTM dryer (HF controlled injection), KLA-Tencor SurfScan (inspected at ≥ 0.12μm), bare Si wafers with low particle counts and thermal oxide wafers. Concentrations and parameters: 100:1 HF (23oC ...
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Effect of Cold Plasma Surface Pre-treatment of Wheat …
As shown in Fig. 3, there are also a number of dust particles in addition to the wheat straw stalks. Nevertheless, it was found that from 100 g of the sample, 30.9% of the particle was from 1.657 mm to 2.696 mm wide. In terms of length (Feret diameter), 29.1% of particle sizes ranged from 8.393 mm to 13.656 mm.
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Surface Pretreatment of Metals | SpringerLink
Surface Pretreatment of Metals. Chapter. First Online: 23 March 2023. pp 209–275. Cite this chapter. Download book PDF. Download book EPUB. Industrial …
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Clinical evaluation of a surface pre-reacted glass (S-PRG) …
These contain pre-reacted glass ionomer cement (PRG) particles as inorganic fillers, which are prepared by the acid-base reaction of a fluoroaluminosilicate glass with polyalkenoic acid in water prior to inclusion into the urethane resin (Ikemura et al. 2008). Beautisealant (Shofu, Kyoto, Japan) is one such pit and fissure sealant that uses …
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Particle abrasion as a pre‐bonding dentin surface …
Particle abrasion as a pre-bonding dentin surface treatment: A scoping review. Gabriela Almeida DMD, Gabriela Almeida DMD. ... Exclusion criteria include primary teeth, air abrasion of a substrate other than sound dentin, use of particles apart from aluminum oxide or bioactive glass, and studies in which bond strength was not …
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Effects of surface pre-reacted glass-ionomer fillers on …
This technology forms a stable glass-ionomer phase in fillers by pre-reacting acid-reactive glass containing fluoride with polyacrylic acid in the presence of water, and produced two types of fillers: full pre-reacted glass-ionomer (F-PRG) fillers, for which the entire glass-ionomer filler particle is reacted, and surface pre-reacted glass ...
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Surface pre-treatment of aluminum alloys for the deposition …
The aluminum alloy surface was analyzed before and after roughening using microscopic techniques (OM and SEM). The microstructural images of aluminum alloys samples used in this paper are found in Fig. 1 (a-d). To investigate the structure of aluminum alloys roughened with the proposed solution, the samples were analyzed to …
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Tissue Conditioner Incorporating a Nano-Sized Surface Pre …
We aimed to evaluate the properties of a novel tissue conditioner containing a surface pre-reacted glass-ionomer (S-PRG) nanofiller. Tissue conditioners containing 0 (control), 2.5, 5, 10, 20, or 30 wt% S-PRG nanofiller or 10 or 20 wt% S-PRG microfiller were prepared. The S-PRG nanofillers and microfillers were observed using scanning electron ...
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Particle Pre-Processing for Particle-Based Fluid Surface Reconstruction
In contrast to most particle-based free-surface detection methods, which perform the surface identification based on physical and geometrical properties derived from the underlying fluid flow ...
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Particle pre-processing for particle-based fluid surface …
In order to build a smoother, feature-preserved surface, we adapt a fluid particles pre-processing pipeline to compensate for the defects of fluid particles applied to SPR. In experiment, we demonstrate how the SPR can benefit from our pre-processing pipeline and a significant improvement in quality of reconstructed surfaces as compared …
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Modes of surface premelting in colloidal crystals composed …
Modes of surface premelting in colloidal crystals composed of attractive particles. Bo Li, Feng Wang, Di Zhou, Yi Peng, Ran Ni & Yilong Han. Nature 531, …
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Influence of Surface Pre-treatments on Laser Welding of
Different surface pre-treatments have been also applied to titanium alloys before welding in order to avoid surface oxidation and to improve laser absorption. Thus, in ... These darker particles are also present at grain boundaries located inside the FZ of T4 and T5 samples. FZ of T6 samples (Type 3) is clearly different from the others; small ...
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Effect of pre-treatment with fine particle peening on surface
To determine the peening time of the pre-treatment, FPP was performed at room temperature in N 2 atmosphere under the conditions shown in Table 1, and the effect of the peening time on the surface characteristics was investigated. Fig. 2 shows a micrograph of the shot particles observed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). …
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Antibacterial coating of tooth surface with ion-releasing pre …
Surface pre-reacted glass-ionomer (S-PRG) ... S-PRG, surface pre-reacted glass ionomer; PSD, particle size distribution. 3.2. S-PRG nanofiller coating of dentin surfaces. Figure 2 A shows surfaces of dentin blocks coated with S-PRG nanofiller or uncoated using SEM and EDX analyses. S-PRG nanofiller particles uniformly covered …
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Heterogeneous oxidation of atmospheric aerosol …
H 2 SO 4 may condense to form new particles, or gas-to-particle partitioning of either species may occur to enhance the size and hygroscopicity of pre-existing aerosols.
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Lithium-containing surface pre-reacted glass fillers enhance …
Surface pre-reacted glass (S-PRG) fillers are new bioactive molecules used in dental clinic work to fill tooth defects. These fillers release various types of ions (Al +3, BO −3, Na +, SiO 3 −2, Sr +2 and F −) and exhibit high biocompatibility, antibacterial capability, reduced plaque accumulation, and enhanced osteoblast differentiation.We …
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A pre-magnetized NdFeB-particle reinforced
Particularly, NdFeB-particles were pre-magnetized before fabrication to enhance the property. Three MRE samples doping NdFeB-particles with different particle sizes and magnetic properties were prepared. The surface magnetic field intensity of samples were recorded by teslameter and the microstructures were observed by SEM …
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Stabilized Co‐Free Li‐Rich Oxide Cathode Particles with An …
Herein, an artificial surface prereconstruction (ASR) for Li 1.2 Mn 0.6 Ni 0.2 O 2 particles with a molten-molybdate leaching is conducted, which creates a crystal-dense anion-redox-free LiMn 1.5 Ni 0.5 O 4 shell that completely encloses the LXMO lattice (ASR-LXMO). Differential electrochemical mass spectroscopy and soft X-ray absorption ...
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Surface charge accumulation and pre -flashover
particles adhering on the insulator surface, PDs induced by particles may facilitate the charge accumulation, thereby affecti ng the insulation characteristics [25].
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Glass Delamination: a Comparison of the Inner Surface …
In this study, a two-pronged approach was employed to assess the inner surface durability of vials and pre-filled syringes. Non-siliconized syringes were used in order to directly compare glass to glass performance between vials and syringes. ... These particles were mainly composed of aluminum, phosphorus, and oxygen, but not silicon, ...
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Achieving well-balanced mechanical and tribological …
B 4 C particles were surface pre-metallized after ball milling with Ni or Al particles. The soft metallic particles were severely deformed and coated on the surface of B 4 C, forming the core-shell microstructure. (2) Copper matrix self-lubricating composites with addition of pre-metallized B 4 C particles
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Large-grain α-Al2O3 enabling ultra-high oxidation
In this study, large α-Al 2 O 3 particles were prepared by a novel surface pre-agglomeration (SPA) treatment on the surface of MCrAlY bond coats. These large α-Al 2 O 3 particles eventually improved the oxidation resistance of the LPPS and APS MCrAlY bond coats by a factor of three and eight times, respectively. Results confirm that these …
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Surface pre-coating of talc particles by carboxyl methyl …
Surface pre-coating of talc particles by carboxyl methyl cellulose adsorption: Study of adsorption and consequences on surface properties and settling …
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Achieving well-balanced mechanical and tribological …
Before spark plasma sintering, the B4 C particles were pre-metallized with Ni to form a core-shell microstructure (Ni@B 4C), which improves wettability and …
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Multiple-Ion Releasing Bioactive Surface Pre-Reacted Glass …
Usage of particles that can release specific components is an effective method for achieving bioactive functions in dental materials [2,4,5].For example, Surface Pre-Reacted Glass-ionomer (S-PRG) filler, a fine glass powder which releases multiple ions, is one of promising technologies.
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Effect of Particle Sizes and Contents of Surface Pre-Reacted …
Herein, the mechanical properties of an auto-polymerizing resin incorporated with a surface pre-reacted glass ionomer (S-PRG) filler were evaluated. For this, S-PRG fillers with particle sizes of 1 μm (S-PRG-1) and 3 μm (S-PRG-3) were mixed at 10, 20, 30, and 40 wt% to prepare experimental resin powders. The powders and a liquid …
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Studies on the influence of surface pre-treatments on electroless
However, the adhesiveness, uniformity and thickness of coating depend on surface pre-treatment of ceramic particles, activation process and bath operating parameters [26]. The development of an adequate adhesion between the coating and particle is a great challenge owing to inactivity and presence of impurities on particle …
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11.5: Surface Energy
In the case of metal or semiconductor particles, strong covalent bonds are broken at the surface. For example, a gold atom in bulk face-centered cubic Au has 12 nearest neighbors, but a gold atom on the (111) surface of the crystal (the most dense crystal plane of gold) has six nearest neighbors in-plane and three underneath, for a total of 9.
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