A low-temperature, meteoric water-dominated origin for …
The <0.2 μm size-fraction clay mineralogy of the Chicxulub impact crater upper peak-ring is dominated by smectites.. Relatively higher porosity core intervals are dominated by Al-rich, dioctahedral smectite (var. montmorillonite or beidellite). • Relatively lower porosity core intervals are dominated by MgFe-rich, trioctahedral smectite (var. …
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Kinetics of the smectite to illite transformation in the Denver …
@article{osti_5750242, title = {Kinetics of the smectite to illite transformation in the Denver Basin: Clay mineral, K-Ar data, and mathematical model results}, author = {Elliot, W C and Aronson, J L and Matisoff, G and Gautier, D L}, abstractNote = {Clay mineral data, potassium-argon (K-Ar) ages, and mathematical model simulations …
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Smectite Group: Mineral information, data and localities.
About Smectite Group Hide. Formula: A0.3D2-3[T4O10]Z2 · nH2O. Monoclinic clay-like minerals. Smectite is a group name for platy phyllosilicates of 2:1 layer and a layer …
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Smectite to Illite Transformation of Gulf of Mexico
In the early 1960s, researchers in the Gulf of Mexico noticed that the illite percentage in the clay fraction increases with depth due to smectite-to-illite transformation (Perry & …
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A low-temperature, meteoric water-dominated origin for …
The range of smectite δ 2 H (−105 to −87‰), in comparison to that of oxygen isotopes, is proportionally much less variable and unrelated to smectite mineralogy. When combined, the oxygen and hydrogen isotope compositions of the smectitic clay minerals suggest low temperature (~20 to 50 °C) formation from meteoric water …
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Enrichment of Smectite in the REY‐Rich Mud of the …
Smectite is the main mineral found in clay-sized sediments (Figures 5b–5d). This smectite exhibits a honey-comb microfabric and grows in opal, suggesting it was authigenic smectite. EDS is conducted on the smectite in Figure e, which is iron-rich smectite and was also considered to be authigenic smectite in the Pacific (Aoki & …
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Smectite illitization in Pliocene-age Gulf of Mexico …
Smectite illitization is commonly believed to require input of K from feldspar dissolution. our XRD results found little correlation between decreases in K-feldspar and increases of illite. However, in 1 instance TEM/EDS analyses indicated the presence of high-charge smectite, which suggests that insufficient K was available for illitization.
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Fabric development and the smectite to illite transition in …
Fabric development and the smectite to illite transition in Gulf ofMexico mudstones: an image analysis approach. Geostatistical image analysis of backscattered …
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(PDF) Smectite to illite transformation of Gulf of Mexico
are two major challenges in my researc h: 1. to transform smectite to illite in a. laboratory within a practical time scale 2. to analyze the transformed clay sample. and quantify the smectite ...
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Smectite Diagenesis in Neogene Marine Sandstone and …
The original composition of detrital smectite and the occurrence of Na +, K +, Ca 2+, Mg 2+, and Fe 2+ in pore fluids partly control both illitization of smectite and the resulting authigenic mineral products in the diagenetic process. In mudstone, detrital smectite is K- and Si-rich in composition, and the illitization of smectite indicates ...
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Smectite clay identification and quantification as an …
thin section analyses to determine the proportions of primary mineral, weathered primary minerals, interlinked smectite and smectite in micro fissures since X-ray diffraction cannot provide this data. Weinert (1980) suggested that up to 10% smectite might be tolerable for a "pavement material". ... sample grinding is performed (Harris and ...
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Smectite Illitization in Pliocene-Age Gulf of Mexico Mudrocks
Smectite Illitization in Pliocene-Age Gulf of Mexico Mudrocks. Published online by Cambridge University Press: 28 February 2024. J. H. Rask, L. T. Bryndzia, N. R. Braunsdorf and. T. E. Murray. Article. Metrics. Get access. Cite. Rights & Permissions. …
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Thermal Analysis and Thermal Reactions of Smectites: a …
Abstract Smectites are a group of minerals tradition-ally analyzed by thermal methods due to their exception - ally large adsorbed-water contents and the presence of OH groups, which makes them unique among all com-mon soil- and rock-forming minerals. The dehydration reaction of smectite is a low-temperature endothermic eect that ends …
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Smectite illitization in Pliocene-age Gulf of Mexico mudrocks
influence of mechanical compaction and clay mineral diagenesis on the microfabric and pore-scale properties of deep-water gulf of mexico mudstones
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Global Cooling Unearthed by MIT: Tectonic Clay Efficiently …
An accordion-textured clay called smectite efficiently traps organic carbon and could help buffer global warming over millions of years. MIT geologists have found that a clay mineral on the seafloor, called smectite, has a surprisingly powerful ability to sequester carbon over millions of years.. Under a microscope, a single grain of the clay …
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Microbial reduction of structural iron in interstratified …
In the absence of AQDS, sulfate increased the reduction rate and capacity, suggesting that sulfide produced during sulfate reduction reacted with the phyllosilicate Fe(III). The extent of bioreduction of structural Fe(III) in the clay minerals was positively correlated with the percentage of smectite and mineral surface area of these minerals.
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Synthesis of Smectite Clay Minerals: A Critical Review
Tomita, K. Yamane, H. and Kawano, M., 1993 Synthesis of smectite from volcanic glass at low temperature Clays and Clay Minerals 41 655 – 661 10.1346/CCMN.1993.0410603. CrossRef Google Scholar. Torii, K., 1985 Synthesis of trioctahedral smectite Journal of the Clay Science Society of Japan 25 71 – 78. Google …
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Inter-Basinal Comparison of the Diagenetic Evolution of Illite/Smectite …
The K-Ar systematics of illite/smectite (I/S) mixed layers in deeply buried shales from the Gulf Coast, the North Sea and the Mahakam Delta basins have been compared to provide additional perspectives on the diagenetic evolution of these minerals. Comparison of the results suggests that illitization proceeds similarly in the 3 basins, at …
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A mineral produced by plate tectonics has a global cooling …
From these analyses, one mineral had a clear presence and effect: smectite. Not only was the clay a naturally weathered product of tropical tectonics, it was also highly effective at trapping organic carbon. In theory, smectite seemed like a solid connection between tectonics and ice ages.
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Ordered illite-smectite and kaolinite-smectite: pedogenic minerals …
Mixed-layer clay minerals of illite-smectite, having smectite contents ∼25% and IS ordering, kaolinite-smectite, and a three-component variety with kaolinite-smectite-chlorite-like material are described from a Carboniferous paleosol in South Wales. The clays, which are restricted to particular horizons, are unusual occurrences in a pedogenic ...
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Iron-rich Smectite Formation in Subseafloor Basaltic Lava …
Here we show the formation of iron-rich smectite at the rims of fractures/veins in 33.5-Ma and 104-Ma core samples from depths as great as 121 metres below the seafloor. In contrast, iron-rich ...
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Microbial reduction of Fe(III) in smectite minerals by …
S. putrefaciens CN32, isolated from a subsurface core sample (250 m beneath the surface) in the Morrison Formation of a shale-sandstone sequence in northwestern New Mexico of the United States ...
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Smectite Group: Mineral information, data and localities.
About Smectite Group Hide. Formula: A0.3D2-3[T4O10]Z2 · nH2O. Monoclinic clay-like minerals. Smectite is a group name for platy phyllosilicates of 2:1 layer and a layer charge of ~ -0.2 to -0.6 per formula unit. Generally for natural samples, the d (001) spacing is approximately 14.4-15.6 Å, although other spacing may occur depending on H2O ...
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Microbial reduction of Fe(III) in smectite minerals by …
Microbial reduction of Fe(III) in clay minerals. M. thermautotrophicus was capable of reducing structural Fe(III) in the clay minerals with H 2 /CO 2 as substrate. In general, the bioreduction experiments of structural Fe(III) in clays were complete in 20 days, but the experiments were allowed to continue for 40 days to ensure completion of …
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Smectite Illitization in Pliocene-Age Gulf of Mexico Mudrocks
Utilizing high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) and X-raydiffraction (XRD) techniques, we have studied the transition from shallower smectite-rich mudrocks to deeper illite-rich mudrocks in Pliocene-age turbidite sediments from the northern Gulf of Mexico (GOM). Our objective in this …
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First-principles study of illite–smectite and implications
Metrics. Illite–smectite interstratified clay minerals are ubiquitous in sedimentary basins and they have been linked to the maturation, migration and trapping of hydrocarbons 1, rock ...
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Smectite | Properties, Formation, Uses » Geology Science
Smectite minerals are a group of phyllosilicate minerals that are characterized by a layered structure and the ability to swell when exposed to water. The …
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Elastic characteristics of overpressure due to smectite-to …
Clay minerals composed of a three-layered structure (T-O-T) belong to the smectite group (Colten-Bradley, 1987; Moyano et al., 2012), which includes smectite and illite. In illite, the distance between the first silica layer of one T-O-T sheet and the next silica layer of a neighboring T-O-T sheet (basal spacing) is approximately 10 Å (Figure 2 ).
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Microbial reduction of structural iron in interstratified illite
In the absence of AQDS, sulfate increased the reduction rate and capacity, suggesting that sulfide produced during sulfate reduction reacted with the phyllosilicate Fe(III). The extent of bioreduction of structural Fe(III) in the clay minerals was positively correlated with the percentage of smectite and mineral surface area of these minerals.
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Clay mineral diagenesis and quartz cementation in …
Abstract Clay mineral abundances and illite-smectite (I/S) compositions have been determined by X-ray diffraction (XRD) ... O-isotope analysis of shales sampled from wells drilled through sedimentary deposits in the Gulf of Mexico region indicates that the sediments and rocks are not isotopically equilibrated systems ...
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