The steel production transformation process in Europe: New slag …
The main challenge of the steel industry for the next decade is the steel production transformation process, starting in Europe. The CO 2 intensive blast furnace/basic oxygen furnace (BOF) route will be substituted by a combination of Direct Reduced Iron (DRI), based on natural gas, later on "green" hydrogen, with an Electric Arc Furnace (EAF) or …
اقرأ أكثر
An Overview of Behaviour of Concrete with Granulated Blast Furnace Slag …
Concrete Containing Electric Arc Furnace Slag and Granulated Blast Furnace Slag Mat erial s (Basel). 12, 9 p. 1371. [3] Cahyani R A T and Rusdianto Y, 2020 Concrete Performance with Ground ...
اقرأ أكثر
(PDF) Application of Ground Granulate Blast Furnace Slag-Steel Slag
A composite mineral binder was prepared by mixing ground granulate blast furnace slag (GGBS) and steel slag (GGBS/steel slag ratios are 1 : 1 or 3 : 2 by mass).
اقرأ أكثر
Effects of utilising granulated blast furnace slag as …
The present study evaluates the effect of utilising granulated blast furnace slag as a partial substitution of the fine fraction of natural aggregates on various concrete …
اقرأ أكثر
Effect of ground granulated blast furnace slag on cement …
The concrete mixes were designed based on the ACI 211.1-91 (reapproved 2009) [40], as shown in Table 3.The reference concrete, named OPC, was made with Portland cement and the designed w/b ratio was 0.42, assuming that full hydration can be achieved based on the Powers-Brownyard model [20].GGBS replacement levels were …
اقرأ أكثر
Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag | SpringerLink
Abstract. Ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS) is a by-product from the blast-furnaces used to make iron. Blast-furnaces are fed with controlled mixture of iron-ore, coke and limestone, and operated at a temperature of about 1,500°C. When iron-ore, coke and limestone melt in the blast furnace, two products are produced—molten …
اقرأ أكثر
Application of Ground Granulate Blast Furnace …
A composite mineral binder was prepared by mixing ground granulate blast furnace slag (GGBS) and steel slag (GGBS/steel slag ratios are 1 : 1 or 3 : 2 by mass). The …
اقرأ أكثر
Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag
11.2.2 Ground-granulated furnace slag. Ground granulated blast-furnace slag, GGBFS, is a by-product of iron in blast-furnace. It mainly consists of silicate and aluminosilicate of melted calcium that periodically needed to be removed from the blast furnace. Similar to fly ash, the chemical compositions of GGBFS depend on the row materials used ...
اقرأ أكثر
Slag properties and design issues pertinent to …
As a result, the grade of electrical furnace matte will also be consistent, containing 16–18% Ni, 9–11% Cu, 38–42% Fe and 26–28% S with around 600g/ton PGMs1,2. Thus in Cu-Ni …
اقرأ أكثر
Effect of Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag Replacement …
This study was conducted to investigate the effect of ground granulated blast furnace slag on the structural performance of precast concrete beams, evaluating the flexural, shear and bonding performance by using the replacement ratio of the ground granulated blast furnace slag as a variable. The design strength of the concrete was set …
اقرأ أكثر
Glass structure of industrial ground granulated blast furnace …
Ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS) is a glassy by-product of hot metal production and has been used in blended cements for over 140 years [1,2,3,4].GGBS-containing binders and concretes have a lower CO 2 footprint, show a decreased heat development and an increased physical and chemical resistance [1, 3, 5,6,7,8].At high …
اقرأ أكثر
Electric arc furnace granulated slag for sustainable …
Electric arc furnace slag (EAFS) is an attractive by-product due to its suitability as a replacement aggregate, the use of which helps to reduce the demand for …
اقرأ أكثر
A Review of Granulation Process for Blast Furnace Slag
Blast furnace slag is a by-product of blast furnace (BF) ironmaking produce. Every pig iron production is. accompany by 0.3 ~ 0.6 tons of blast furnace slag. produced with the temperature of 1350 ...
اقرأ أكثر
A Review of Granulation Process for Blast Furnace Slag
Blast furnace slag is a by-product of blast furnace (BF) ironmaking produce. Every pig iron production is accompany by 0.3 ~ 0.6 tons of blast furnace slag produced with the temperature of 1350 ć ~1450 ć (1600~1 800 MJ sensible heat, equivalent to 55~61kg standard coal combustion after the heat generated). On this basis, the BF slag is up to ...
اقرأ أكثر
Influence of ground granulated blast furnace slag on the …
Alkali-activated materials are low-environmental-impact binders that can be obtained from the alkaline activation of industrial wastes. In this study, converter steel slag as the major raw material and ground granulated blast furnace slag (GBFS) as the modified material were activated by water glass with a modulus of 1.5 and a Na2O …
اقرأ أكثر
Electric arc furnace granulated slag for sustainable concrete
Abstract and Figures. This paper deals with the use of industrial by-products from electric arc furnace (EAF) granulated slag for the partial replacement of natural aggregates commonly used to ...
اقرأ أكثر
Effects of ultra-fine ground granulated blast-furnace slag on …
The GGBS in this work was commercially available ultra-fine slag of two sizes (V1 and V2), Nitrogen BET Surface area of V2 (3955 m 2 kg −1) was found to be much higher than the V1 (2435 m 2 kg −1).The (CaO + MgO)/SiO 2 ratio by mass (M, coefficient of basicity) was a reliable indicator of reactivity [25], Calculated M = 1.55 of the UFS. Fig. 1 …
اقرأ أكثر
Electric Arc Furnace (EAF) Slag | US EPA
About EAF Slag. EAF slag is a rock-like material generated during the steel-making process. Approximately 130 facilities across the United States generate EAF slag. EAF slag is used as an alternative to rock fragments, both in encapsulated uses (e.g., contained in concrete) and unencapsulated uses (e.g., loose ground cover material).
اقرأ أكثر
Influence of granulated blast furnace slag on the reaction, …
Ground granulated blast furnace slag (GBFS) has been used to alter the geopolymerisation behaviour of fly ash. The influence of varying amount of GBFS (5–50%) on the reaction kinetics has been studied using isothermal conduction calorimetry. It was observed that the reaction at 27 °C is dominated by the GBFS activation, whereas the …
اقرأ أكثر
Granulation and Heat Recovery from Metallurgical Slags
The granulated blast furnace slag produced by the pilot plants at CSIRO was over 98% glassy and denser than the water-granulated slag. ... For the purpose of electric power generation, the TEG efficiencies are comparable to thermal methods. ... Neuhold R (2018) Dry slag granulation—the future way to granulate blast furnace slag. In: …
اقرأ أكثر
Electric Arc Furnace (EAF) Slag | US EPA
About EAF Slag. EAF slag is a rock-like material generated during the steel-making process. Approximately 130 facilities across the United States generate EAF …
اقرأ أكثر
A Comprehensive Review on the Ground Granulated …
The FS of concrete at a water to binder ratio of 0.45 is 4.216 MPa for a control mix that does not include GGBS. In addition, the FS is increased to 4.367 MPa, 4.47 …
اقرأ أكثر
Electric arc furnace granulated slag for sustainable concrete
Electric arc furnace slag (EAFS) is an attractive by-product due to its suitability as a replacement aggregate, the use of which helps to reduce the demand for natural resources. The aim of the present study is to determine the suitability of EAFS as a 50% and replacement for coarse concrete aggregates, by evaluating its physical ...
اقرأ أكثر
Effect of ground granulate blast-furnace slag on corrosion …
Ground granulate blast-furnace slag. In experimental studies, ground granulate blast-furnace slag which is produced by KARÇİMSA was used. The chemical and physical properties of this ground granulate blast-furnace slag are given in Table 1. Aggregates. Eskişehir Osmaneli sand and Söğüt Zemzemiye crushed stone. Unit weight
اقرأ أكثر
Utilization and efficiency of ground granulated blast furnace slag …
Blast furnace slag is produced in a blast furnace concurrently with Fe. Fig. 1 schematically represents obtaining the blast furnace slag from the iron ore. Iron oxides are reduced to igneous Fe in the furnace by adding a flux such as limestone or dolomite and a fuel and with a reducing agent such as coke [4].The igneous slag indwells on the …
اقرأ أكثر
Ground Granulated Blast-Furnace Slag | SpringerLink
By 1901 the manufacture of "Eisenportlandzement" containing maximum 30% of ground granulated blast-furnace slag (ggbfs) became accepted and in 1907, the first "Hochofenzement" with up to 85% ggbfs content was produced (Moranville-Regourd 1998; Smolczyk 1978 ). Ever since, ggbfs has been successfully used in cementitious …
اقرأ أكثر
The Future Way to Granulate Blast Furnace Slag
Dry Slag Granulation – The Future Way to Granulate Blast Furnace Slag. The design and erection for Phase 2 pilot-plant at the site of voestalpine Stahl in Linz has been fin ished in May 2017 followed by a intense commissioning phase. Since Ju ne 2017 discontinuous batch campaign operation are executed to gain know-how and allow for process ...
اقرأ أكثر
Blast Furnace Slag: Buy Slag, GBFS, & GGBFS …
GBFS is mainly used for grinding and producing GGBFS as well as blended cements with slag. GBFS is also used as an effective replacement of natural sand / crushed sand in concrete as a fine aggregate. GGBFS …
اقرأ أكثر
Durability Properties and Microstructure of Ground
Ground granulated blast-furnace slag (GGBS) is a green construction material used to produce durable concrete. The secondary pozzolanic reactions can result in reduced pore connectivity; therefore, replacing partial amount of Portland cement (PC) with GGBS can significantly reduce the risk of sulfate attack, alkali–silica reactions and …
اقرأ أكثر
Influence of silica fume and ground granulated blast furnace slag …
Industrial by-products such as Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag (GGBS), Fly Ash (FA), and Silica Fume (SF) are cementitious and pozzolanic, making them a preferred choice among researchers as a viable material to mix with cement to reduce carbon emissions. ... ASTM C1202 (2012) Standard test method for electrical indication …
اقرأ أكثر